Genome Editing: A Strategic Tool to Advance Poultry Production in the Tropics
Ewuola Muslim Kayode *
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.
Akani, Basheerat Temitope
Department of Animal Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technonlogy, Kumasi, Ghana.
Fatai, Rasheed Babatunde
Department of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Genetics Unit, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Ajenifujah-Solebo Shakira
Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics Genetics, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The output of poultry genetic resources (PGR) can be greatly increased by the use of the very powerful tool known as genome editing. Poultry farming is significant in the tropics because it significantly raises household income and the level of living. Increasing PGR production in the tropics requires overcoming several challenges, such as high rates of disease prevalence and resistance, subpar performance, and adverse environmental conditions. However, the application of genome editing technology presents a promising opportunity to address these problems and maximise poultry output in tropical regions.
In poultry production, selective breeding has resulted in notable improvements in output, effectiveness, and product quality. However, modifying characteristics linked to health becomes more difficult. In the tropics, high temperatures, high humidity, and other challenging conditions are often observed, and they can have a negative impact on the well-being and output of PGR. By using genome editing, it is possible to introduce genetic modifications that increase poultry resistance to these conditions.
Optimising meat yield and quality by genome editing provides a targeted and effective way to introduce disease resistance. Through precise DNA modification, researchers may make specific genetic alterations in organisms through precision genome editing. Benefits including disease resistance, increased welfare and feed conversion efficiency, and better adaption to tropical climates can be inserted into poultry species by scientists through the use of genome editing technology. Particularly in the tropics where infectious diseases can have a major negative influence on flock health and productivity, disease management is an essential component of chicken farming.
Keywords: Genome editing, poultry production, tropical climate, gene modification, CRISPR/Cas9
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References
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